the cloth
A soft, soft cloth fabric consisting of a network of threads or natural or synthetic fibers; the type of yarns or fibers and their structure and how they are placed next to each other creates fabric construction and physical properties. The fabric is made from bluish-textured, circular texture (knitted or crocheted), non-textured, knitting methods.
The fabrics have different types of materials, including cotton (cotton), wool, silk. Etc. The bazaar market is said to be part of a market where cloth stores are located.
For the first time, cotton fabrics were woven in about 1,900 BC by the Sindh Valley civilization in South Asia.
The contents
Textile background in Iran
Exploration and research by scholars and researchers over the last 100 years has shown that Iranians have been the pioneers in the work of knitting fabrics. Even the inhabitants of Ancient Iran were familiar with the cloth fan in the second period of the rock (or the so-called “hermit era”). To prove this fact, the best evidence is: pottery, jeweled, and vertebrae that have been placed in the depths of the soils of this border and more than eight thousand BC. Professor Carlton, who worked for the Department of the Archeology, discovered fabrics from the years 1328 to 1329 (1949-1950) in a cave known as the Cave of the Belts near the Caspian Sea, which proved that Iranian ethnic groups from the very beginning of the cave, fleece And goats in the form of fabric. The experiments with carbon 14 on the fabrics show that they date back to 6500 BC.
Anchors and ducks that have been excavated in the past thirty years have witnessed the existence of knitting workshops in ancient Iran. Archaeologists such as Professor Grischmann and Dr. Phyllis Ackerman acknowledge that the life of these ducks and anchors is consistent with the first human habitat on the Iranian plateau. In the period of Susa civilization (4,500 BC), cloth fan has grown to perfection due to the elegance of cloth; the clay blade made with the first pottery in Susa and the effect of copper-based copper on a cloth in which the blade was wrapped , Is proof of this claim. There are already parts of this piece of fabric in the Louvre Museum.
From the writings of Xenophon, it is believed that, during the Medes and in Azerbaijan, fabrics were more beautiful and better woven than before. As Achaemenid Cyrus was influenced by the beauty and perfection of the Medes, he also tried to dress his wives like Medes.
Iran’s textile in Azerbaijan and during the Achaemenid period, especially in the area of textiles of silk fabrics, was a soft and woolen wool, and the kings of this period were known for having beautiful and finely dressed clothes. One of the reasons why the Achaemenid textile industry is showing the progress of the Achaemenid industry is that Alexander, with all the Greek Cyberfolk, according to the writings of Herodotus and Plutarch from the time he arrived in Iran until his death, was wearing Iranian garments. Plutarch and Dehdorud also wrote that the woolen fabrics that were woven from gold and silver, as well as velvet, woolen fabrics, and linen fabrics of Iran during the Achaemenid period were far less favorable.
After the extinction of the Achaemenid state, for five centuries no significant progress has been made in many industries and arts, including the knitting industry. This industrial and artistic stop is a factor. One of the influences of the Greek civilization and taste of the Selukians era, which eradicated the culture and civilization of Iran and stopped any progress in Iran’s specific techniques and industries. Second, the warrior’s spirit and the jingoism of the Parthian kings, who, although they had many historical honors and sometimes inevitability of war, all the kings graduated from this era, encouraging and educating artisans and craftsmen. Since the Parthians, there are not many findings. The only thing that has come out of the textiles of this period is a few pieces of silk fabric that, along with a piece of woven fabrics in China, has been discovered in the region of Lolan in the eastern tip of Iran.
According to the vast majority of scholars and historians, the Sassanid period was one of the brightest and most famous courses in terms of knitting. Massoudi writes in the book Marjūd al-Zahab: “Half of the magnitude of this period should be sought in the development of industries, including the knitting industry.” Fortunately, the wool of this period has been preserved in museums and churches of western countries. Dr. Mohammad Hassan Zaki, in the post-Islamic book on the wines of this period, says: “In this period, the knitting of Iran reached its height, its progress and prosperity”
In the Islamic period, the knitting industry was luminous and progressive due to the general involvement of the Iranians with the Arabs and several ruptures of the governments in different periods, and in many periods the cloth industry was so dwindling that it did not seem to ever flourish. The invaders also did not like the Iranian civilization and culture, yet the cloth industry, with its full stand, showed itself again. The artists of this elegant profession, despite the fact that many caliphs, despised by it, and the fact that they were trying to destroy it, made such a cloth that the cloth was among the noblest, most reputable, and most influential.
Salajeqh’s tales should be considered as a rebirth of Iranian art. From that period, there are about 50 fragments of the fabric in which the peak of art is seen. In this period, the most sophisticated and delicate maps were woven. In this period, the chestnut texture was more or less common, and duvet and satin fabrics were commonly used.